A Closeup View of the Base of the Column of Marcian, a 5th Century Monument.
A 19th century Photograph of the Column of Constantine in the Cemberlitas neighborhood of Istanbul.
A 19th Century Photograph of the Hippodrome of Constantinople.
The Column of Constantine as it stands today in the Cemberlitas neighborhood of Istanbul.
A sarcaphogas in Alexandria with a view of the Column of Diocletian in the distance.
The Serapeum region of Alexandria with a view of the Column of Diocletian and sphynxes.
The Column of Constantine on a cloudy day.
A view of the Column of Marcian on a main thoroughfare of modern Istanbul.
A 16th century artist's reconstruction of the base of the Column of Theodosius in Istanbul. (No longer in existence).
A reconstructive sketch of the Column of Justinian. (No longer in existence).
A porticoed street in Jerusalem.
The Forum at Jerash (modern Jordan).
A 5th-7th Century Byzantine circular forum in Durres, Albania--ancient Dyrrachium. It is likely that this forum was constructed by the Emperor Anastasius I (r.491-518) who was born in this city.
Detail of the Byzantine forum in Durres, Albania.
Detail of the Byzantine forum in Durres, Albania.
Detail of teh 5th-7th century Byzantine circular forum in Durres, Albania.
The Forum of Meninx in modern day Tunisia. Meninx was an important center for the production of purple dye and so it is likely that this forum played a central role in the distribution of such a commodity.
The Forum of Thuburbo Majus in Northern Tunisia.
The Forum of Bulla Regia in Tunisia.
A detail of the base of the Column of Antononinus Pius in Rome.
The Roman Forum with a view of the 7th century Column of Emperor Phocas.
A view of the Roman Forum.
A view of the Roman Forum.
A Roman coin depicting the Column of Antoninus Pius.
Architectural remains of the entryway which defined the Forum of Emperor Nerva.
Detail of the Forum of Trajan.
The Forum of Trajan in Rome.
The Forum of Trajan in Rome.
An 18th or 19th century sketch of the Forum of Trajan in Rome.
A Byzantine gold coin depicting the Emperors Leo III and Constantine V.